The Parthenon, an ancient temple crowning the Acropolis of Athens, is one of the most enduring symbols of classical Greece and Western civilization. Dedicated to Athena Parthenos, the city's patron goddess, the temple was built in the 5th century BCE, during age of Athens. With its perfect proportions, historic significance, and resilience through centuries of wars, earthquakes, and occupations, the Parthenon continues to awe visitors from around the world.

History of Parthenon

A Monument of Power and Belief

Pericles, a well-known Athenian politician, oversaw the building of the Parthenon from 447 to 432 BCE. It was part of a bigger scheme to build things in Athens to make it seem better after the Persian Wars and celebrate its ascent as a cultural and political superpower.

Iktinos and Kallikrates were the architects who worked on the temple. Phidias, the most famous artist in ancient Greece, was in charge of the sculptural embellishment. There used to be a huge chryselephantine statue of Athena inside the Parthenon. It was almost 12 meters tall and made of gold and ivory.

Over the centuries, the Parthenon was transformed multiple times:

It served as a Christian church in the Byzantine era

Later as a mosque under Ottoman rule

It suffered major damage in 1687 during a Venetian bombardment, when stored gunpowder inside exploded

Despite these transformations, the Parthenon remains a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a universal symbol of democracy, philosophy, and architectural innovation.